Prostatitis is inflammation or infection of the prostate gland, a small gland found only in men. The prostate sits just below the bladder and surrounds part of the urethra, the tube that carries urine out of the body. When the prostate becomes infected or inflamed, it can cause pain, fever, and problems with urination.
Acute bacterial prostatitis is a potentially serious condition that requires prompt medical treatment. Without proper treatment, the infection can worsen, spread to nearby tissues, or cause complete blockage of urine flow.
If you are experiencing fever, painful urination, pelvic pain, or difficulty passing urine, it is important to seek medical care promptly. Through Hope Plus, you can connect with a licensed healthcare provider in minutes to discuss your symptoms, receive guidance, and learn whether urgent treatment is needed.
Key Takeaways
- Prostatitis is an infection or inflammation of the prostate gland.
- It commonly causes fever, pelvic pain, and urinary symptoms.
- The condition affects men only.
- Early treatment with antibiotics is important.
- Severe cases can lead to urinary retention and require hospital care.
What Is the Prostate Gland?
The prostate is a small gland found below the bladder in men.
Its main role is to produce some of the fluid that forms semen.
Because the prostate surrounds part of the urethra, swelling of the gland can affect urine flow and cause urinary symptoms.
Causes of Prostatitis
Bacterial Infection
Most cases of acute prostatitis are caused by bacteria that enter the urinary tract and spread to the prostate gland.
The bacteria responsible are often the same organisms that cause urinary tract infections.
Common bacteria include:
- Escherichia coli (E. coli)
- Other urinary tract bacteria
Symptoms of Prostatitis
Symptoms often develop suddenly and may become severe within a short period.
Fever and Chills
Many men develop:
- Fever
- Shivering
- Chills
- Sweating
These symptoms often indicate an active infection.
Pain in the Pelvis and Lower Back
Pain may occur in:
- The area between the scrotum and anus (perineum)
- The rectum
- The lower back
- The lower abdomen
This pain can range from mild discomfort to severe tenderness.
Urinary Symptoms
Many patients experience:
- Pain when passing urine
- Frequent urination
- Sudden urges to urinate
- Difficulty starting urination
- Weak urine stream
Acute Urinary Retention
In severe cases, swelling of the prostate can completely block urine flow.
This may result in:
- Inability to urinate
- Severe lower abdominal pain
- Bladder swelling
This is a medical emergency.
How Prostatitis Is Diagnosed
Healthcare providers will review symptoms and perform a physical examination.
Blood Tests
A haemogram or full blood count may help identify signs of infection.
Urine Tests
Urine samples may be tested for:
- White blood cells
- Bacteria
- Blood
Urine culture and sensitivity testing helps identify the bacteria responsible and determine which antibiotics are most effective.
Prostate Examination
Healthcare providers may gently examine the prostate through the rectum.
In acute prostatitis, the prostate is often:
- Enlarged
- Tender
- Painful to touch
Vigorous examination is avoided because it can worsen discomfort.
Treatment of Prostatitis
Step 1: Rest and Supportive Care
Healthcare providers may recommend:
- Bed rest
- Adequate fluid intake
- Monitoring symptoms
Some patients may require fluids through a vein if they are dehydrated.
Step 2: Control Fever and Pain
Medicines may be given to reduce:
- Fever
- Pain
- General discomfort
Step 3: Prevent Constipation
Stool softeners may be recommended because straining during bowel movements can worsen pain.
Step 4: Antibiotic Treatment
Antibiotics are the main treatment for bacterial prostatitis.
Treatment is often continued for several weeks because the prostate can be difficult for antibiotics to penetrate.
Healthcare providers may prescribe medicines such as ciprofloxacin or other appropriate antibiotics depending on individual circumstances.
It is important to complete the full course of treatment even if symptoms improve.
Possible Complications
Without prompt treatment, prostatitis can lead to:
- Prostate abscess
- Recurrent infections
- Urinary retention
- Spread of infection into the bloodstream
- Chronic pelvic pain
Prevention of Prostatitis
Although not all cases can be prevented, the risk may be reduced by:
- Seeking early treatment for urinary tract infections
- Maintaining good personal hygiene
- Drinking adequate fluids
- Seeking medical attention for urinary symptoms promptly
When Should You Seek Urgent Medical Care?
Seek immediate medical attention if you develop:
- High fever
- Severe pelvic pain
- Inability to pass urine
- Confusion
- Severe weakness
- Symptoms that worsen rapidly
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Can women get prostatitis?
No. The prostate gland is only found in men.
Is prostatitis a sexually transmitted infection?
Most cases are caused by bacteria that commonly cause urinary tract infections, although some infections affecting the urinary tract may be sexually transmitted.
How long does prostatitis take to improve?
Many patients begin feeling better within a few days of treatment, but antibiotics are often needed for several weeks.
Can prostatitis cause difficulty urinating?
Yes. Swelling of the prostate can narrow the urethra and make urination difficult.
Is prostatitis dangerous?
It can be serious if left untreated, particularly if it causes urinary retention or bloodstream infection.
Can prostatitis come back?
Yes. Some men experience recurrent episodes, especially if underlying urinary problems are not addressed.
