Genital warts are small growths or lumps that appear on the genital area, caused by infections that affect the skin and mucous membranes. While they can be unsightly or uncomfortable, genital warts are usually manageable with proper care. They are often caused by viral infections but can also result from other infections like syphilis.
If you notice growths, bumps, or unusual lesions on your genitals, you can get personalised advice from licensed doctors through Hope Plus. This service provides guidance on treatment, safe practices, and prevention strategies to protect your sexual health.
Key Takeaways
- Genital warts are usually caused by human papilloma virus (HPV), but syphilis or molluscum contagiosum can also be responsible.
- Warts can appear on the penis, foreskin, labia, vagina, or even the face in rare cases.
- Early management helps prevent spread to sexual partners and reduces discomfort.
- Some warts resolve on their own, while others require medical treatment.
Causes of Genital Warts
- HPV (Human papilloma virus): Causes soft, fleshy growths on the genitals, sometimes called condylomata acuminata.
- Syphilitic warts (Treponema pallidum): Flat-topped, broad-based growths also called condylomata lata.
- Molluscum contagiosum virus: Small, light-coloured, dome-shaped growths with a central dimple, often appearing on the genital area or face.
Recognising the Symptoms
- Growths or lumps on the penis, foreskin, labia, or vagina
- Warts may be few or numerous, small or large
- Soft and fleshy (HPV), flat-topped (syphilitic), or light-coloured with a dimple (molluscum contagiosum)
- Occasionally, itching or discomfort may be present
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is usually made through:
- Physical examination by a healthcare provider to identify wart type and rule out other skin conditions.
- Testing for underlying infections, especially syphilis, to guide treatment.
Treatment Options
- HPV warts:
- Podophyllum resin 15% is applied to the warts 1–3 times per week until they resolve
- Normal skin is protected with petroleum jelly before application
- Warts are washed off after 4 hours
- Important: Podophyllum is not used during pregnancy
- If warts do not improve after three applications, a specialist manages further care
- Syphilitic warts:
- Benzathine penicillin 2.4 MU injection is administered, single dose (half into each buttock)
- Molluscum contagiosum:
- Usually resolves on its own
- Underlying conditions affecting immunity are managed as needed
Follow-Up and Prevention
- Maintain good personal hygiene
- Sexual partners are treated if needed to prevent reinfection
- Sexual contact should be avoided until warts have fully resolved
- Early medical care reduces the risk of complications and further spread
Genital warts can be managed effectively with timely intervention, careful treatment, and safe sexual practices, helping you stay healthy and protect your partners.
